Untreated Iris reticulata Harmony flower bulbs size 6/+ (3753500)

Quick read / the essentials about our Iris Bulbs

Floriculture professionals, discover with Floriverse a complete offer to buy Iris bulbs with complete peace of mind. As a wholesale supplier specializing in flower plants , we offer you a wide range of rhizomatous Irises (Iris germanica, sibirica, pseudacorus) and bulbous Irises (Iris hollandica, reticulata), rigorously selected according to criteria of hardiness, floridity and professional calibration.

All our iris bulbs are available in conventional, untreated, or certified organic versions, meeting the requirements of producers committed to sustainable or slow flower approaches. Thanks to our network of specialized nurseries, you can buy iris bulbs at the best value for money, with guarantees of traceability, consistency, and optimized yield, whether for cut flowers or landscaping.

Our teams support you with personalized technical support, agronomic advice tailored to your growing conditions, and a quote within 48 hours. For each production, buying Iris bulbs from Floriverse means choosing a reliable, responsive wholesale supplier specializing in flower plants, focused on the horticultural success of its partners. Fast delivery throughout France, decreasing prices by volume, advance reservations: everything is designed for professionals.

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Introducing our range of Iris flower bulbs

At Floriverse, specialists in flower bulbs for professionals , we offer a wide range of Iris flower bulbs rigorously selected to meet the expectations of the most demanding florists. Our offer includes:

• Conventional bulbs : from specialist nurseries, with uniform sizing for reliable and regular production.
• Untreated bulbs : suitable for eco-responsible technical routes, without synthetic product residues.
• Bulbs certified Organic Agriculture : coming from specialized circuits, with guaranteed traceability.

Thanks to our expertise and our network of partner producers, we allow professionals to access a wide range of organic Iris flower bulbs , in formats suitable for growing in the ground or for cut flowers. All our batches are available at producer prices, with guaranteed professional quality.

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Market approach: Iris cultivation in France

The Cut Iris Flower Market in France: Analysis for Professionals

The cut flower market is a strategic component of the horticultural sector, with growing value driven by consumer interest in local and seasonal produce. In 2021, cut flowers accounted for 6.2% of the ornamental horticultural sector's turnover, with a growth of 17.9% in value between 2019 and 2021. Cut flowers now account for 38.1% of ornamental plant purchases in value (compared to 33.5% in 2017).

Specific situation of the cut iris market

Iris, particularly the Dutch Iris Majic (category I), is regularly listed on the Rungis market. Prices fluctuate with the seasons:

• January: €4.00 for 10 stems
• February: €5.00
• March: €3.00
• April: €4.50
• May: €3.50

Demand peaks in February, around Valentine's Day. Iris stands out for its vase life and unique aesthetic, making it a sure bet for florists.

National production and key basins

Two large regions concentrate the majority of French floral production:

• PACA : €38 million in turnover, 70% of farms, 50% of surface area
• Pays de la Loire : €37 million, 18% of surface area, growth of 14.5%/year

Organic vs. conventional market

The dynamics of "slow flower" and the growing demand for local and sustainable flowers are favoring the emergence of organic iris production. This segment remains marginal compared to conventional production, largely dominated by imports (Netherlands, Africa, South America), but it is experiencing continuous growth.

Sector trends and outlook

Since 2021, the number of cut flower producers has been increasing again, reaching around 500 farms. There has also been a rise in the number of small, diversified flower farms integrated into short distribution channels.

Iris is part of these new dynamics for several reasons: low need for phytosanitary products, good yield when grown locally, aesthetic appeal that can be valued in the premium segment. It constitutes a strategic plant for differentiating itself in the floral offering.

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Our sales arguments for floriculture professionals

As a floriculture specialist and wholesale supplier of Iris bulbs , we provide professional florists with an offer designed to maximize the success of their crops. Our Iris flower bulbs come exclusively from specialized nurseries , with an unbeatable price-quality ratio and a producer price . Professional quality is guaranteed on each batch.

We ensure careful delivery throughout France, generally within 15 days during the seasonal period, and also offer reservations in advance of the season to secure your supplies. Our responsive sales department is committed to providing a personalized quote within 48 hours , accompanied by technical advice tailored to your growing itinerary. All with dedicated technical support and free assistance for the success of your project.

Whether you choose to purchase online or via quote, you benefit from a smooth and hassle-free supply , with decreasing prices according to volume . Our goal: to offer professionals the possibility of purchasing Iris bulbs delivered to their homes , in optimal conditions, for efficient and sustainable production.

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Technical presentation of the genus Iris for floriculture production

Botanical classification and essential characteristics

The genus Iris is an essential component of professional ornamental flora. It belongs to the botanical family Iridaceae (Iridaceae), and includes, according to various sources, between 200 and 310 recognized species. The complete scientific classification places it within the Kingdom Plantae, Clade Angiospermae ( Angiosperms ), Clade Monocotyledons ( Monocots ), Order Asparagales, Family Iridaceae, Subfamily Iridoideae, Tribe Irideae. The type species of the genus is Iris germanica L.

Irises are perennial plants characterized by the presence of either rhizomes , which are thick, fleshy underground stems, or true bulbs . The majority of Irises grown professionally, particularly for ornamental or cut flowers, are rhizomatous , such as the German Iris ( Iris germanica ) or the Siberian Iris ( Iris sibirica ). Bulbous species, such as the Dutch Iris ( Iris x hollandica ) or the Dwarf Iris ( Iris reticulata ), are also highly prized. These are hermaphrodite plants whose terminal flowering , often spectacular and highly valued in horticulture for its ornamental appearance, is generally grouped in cymes .

Geographic origin and ecological adaptation

The geographical origin of Irises is vast and diverse, covering North America, Europe, Africa and Asia. Their distribution and natural habitats vary considerably from one species to another, demonstrating great adaptability . They are found in varied biotopes: prairies, deserts, mountain ranges, hillsides, and frequently along watercourses for certain species such as Iris pseudacorus (yellow flag flag).

Regarding ecological conditions , most irises thrive in full sun or partial shade . A minimum of 6 hours of direct sunlight per day is often cited as optimal for abundant flowering. The altitude at which irises are found varies significantly: Iris pseudacorus , for example, is found from sea level up to 330 m in Great Britain and 100 m in California, but also at higher altitudes, reaching 1280–1315 m in Utah. From a climatic point of view, irises, especially Iris pseudacorus , thrive in temperate climates .

Examples of optimal annual temperatures and precipitation are documented, such as a climate where the average low temperature in January is -2.8°C and the average high temperature in July is 22.0°C, with an average annual precipitation of 1120 mm, or a climate with average maximum temperatures ranging from 15.6°C in January to 32.2°C in July and an average annual precipitation of 143.05 cm. The species Iris aphylla , for example, has a wide distribution from Asia to Europe.

Identification and management of underground organs: rhizomes vs. bulbs

The distinction between bulbous and rhizomatous irises is fundamental for professionals. Rhizomatous irises develop from fleshy rhizomes growing horizontally just below the soil surface. The crown of the plant (root-stem junction) should be positioned approximately 4 cm below the soil surface when planting. These include the German flag ( Iris germanica ), Japanese flag , Louisiana flag , Siberian flag ( Iris sibirica ), and Swamp flag ( Iris pseudacorus ). The rhizomes of tall bearded irises are generally larger and fleshier than those of dwarf varieties or Siberian flag , which have thinner, more fibrous rhizomes.

Bulbous irises , on the other hand, grow from true bulbs , which are structurally distinct from rhizomes. These bulbs are usually tunic bulbs , similar to those of tulips. They are planted more deeply than rhizomes, typically between 10 and 13 cm deep. Dutch irises and dwarf irises are examples of commonly grown bulbous irises.

The size of underground organs varies depending on the variety and plant height. For a Dwarf Bearded Iris , which is 15 to 20 cm tall, the rhizomes are proportionally smaller than those of intermediate (40 to 70 cm) or large (68 to 100 cm) varieties. Dutch Iris bulbs , with a plant height of 50 to 60 cm, are medium-sized, usually 5 to 7 cm in circumference. The color of the rhizomes and bulbs varies from yellowish-white to light brown on the surface, with a generally white flesh inside.

Morphological parameters of foliage

The foliage of Irises is distinctive and contributes to their ornamental interest, even when not in bloom. The leaves are characterized by their ensiform shape, that is, sword-shaped, long, narrow, and erect. They are arranged alternately from the base of the plant.

Leaf width varies depending on the species and cultivar, usually between 2 and 5 cm. Leaf length can reach 30 to 90 cm for large species such as the tall bearded irises or the Siberian iris , while for dwarf species they are around 15 cm. The texture is described as leathery , firm but not brittle, with a smooth to weakly veined, slightly waxy surface, which may contribute to good drought tolerance for some species.

The foliage color is mostly shades of glaucous green to grayish green, sometimes bright green depending on the species and conditions. There are also cultivars with variegated foliage , with cream, silvery white, or yellow stripes. The color may change slightly in autumn to more yellow or bronze hues.

In terms of duration of presence , the foliage of rhizomatous irises , such as Iris germanica , is most often evergreen or semi-evergreen , retaining a decorative appearance for much of the year, and sometimes even in winter in mild climates. In contrast, bulbous irises (type Iris reticulata , Iris danfordiae ) and some rhizomatous irises such as Iris sibirica have deciduous foliage which disappears after summer flowering and grows back at the beginning of the following spring.

For an Iris germanica , the foliage is typically present from March to November, or even all year round in mild climates; for a bulbous Iris , it appears in February-March and dries in June-July.

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Structure and floral properties of Irises

The Iris flower is immediately recognizable thanks to its characteristic and elegant structure, often described as spectacular. It is composed of six lobes: three drooping outer sepals , called "falls", and three upright inner petals , called "standards". These flowers have radial symmetry .

Flower size varies depending on the species and cultivars. The diameter of a bulbous iris flower is usually between 6 and 12 cm. The height of the flower stems also depends on the type, ranging from about 15 cm for dwarf bulbous irises ( Iris reticulata ) to 70 cm for Dutch irises ( Iris x hollandica ).

The colors are extremely diverse, covering a wide range from blue to purple, including yellow and white. It is common to observe bicolor flowers, with strong contrasts such as a bright yellow base on blue-violet petals. Patterns such as spots, veins, or contrasting edges often enrich the aesthetics of the flowers.

Concerning the fragrance , it is not a systematic characteristic of all Irises. Some varieties, especially among the bulbous Irises, can be fragrant , offering an aroma that is often delicate, floral and slightly sweet.

The number of flowers per stem is an important production criterion. In common bulbous species, each stem generally bears between 1 and 3 flowers open simultaneously. In some improved varieties, this number can reach up to 5 flowers. For classic bearded irises , there is one flower per stem, while Iris regelia can have two per stem.

Height at maturity and architectural form

The height and shape of mature irises vary considerably depending on the species and cultivar, allowing for great versatility in landscaping and production. For professionals, it is useful to distinguish between the main categories:

• Miniature and rock irises ( Iris reticulata , etc.): They reach a moderate height of 8 to 15 cm at maturity. Their habit is generally erect (upright), with thin, upright leaves, and flowers opening just above the foliage. Their width at maturity is about 10 cm.
• Intermediate irises (e.g. Iris 'Apollo' ): They have an intermediate height, reaching for example around 55 cm.
• Tall garden irises ( Iris germanica , etc.): These very widespread varieties generally reach between 90 and 120 cm at maturity depending on the variety. Their shape is also upright, characterized by rigid and upright flower stems.

In technical summary, the general habit of Irises, whether miniature or large, is straight and erect, forming tight clumps . The average height varies from 8-15 cm for miniatures, about 55 cm for intermediates, and 90-120 cm for large garden irises.

Flowering schedule and duration according to types

The flowering period of irises in France is a key element for planning professional production. It depends directly on the species and variety cultivated, allowing flowering to be spread over a large part of the year.

• Bearded irises ( Iris germanica , hybrids): Their main flowering period is usually from early May to late June. Dwarf irises bloom as early as April, while intermediate and tall varieties bloom in May and June. The average flowering time for a mature clump is 3 to 5 weeks, although each individual flower lasts only 2 to 4 days. The most massive flowering is usually observed in the third year after planting.
• Early bulbous irises ( Iris reticulata , Iris danfordiae ): These species flower from February-March for a period of approximately 2 to 3 weeks.
• Algiers Iris ( Iris unguicularis ): Winter flowering from January to March, lasting 4 to 6 weeks.
• Iris pseudacorus (marsh flag): Flowers between May and July, for 4 to 6 weeks.

In technical summary, the majority of irises grown for cutting or ornamental purposes flower from May to June . Early varieties (dwarf, bulbous) extend this period into February-March. The flowering period of a plot typically lasts 3 to 5 weeks.

Cold Hardiness and USDA Zones

Hardiness is a determining factor in the choice of varieties for professional cultivation in France. Irises, particularly garden irises ( Iris germanica ), are renowned for their excellent hardiness in temperate to continental climates .

Most cultivated iris bulbs or rhizomes can withstand negative temperatures between -30°C and -20°C, which generally corresponds to USDA zones 4 to 5. Under optimal conditions, the majority of garden irises are hardy down to USDA zone 4, or down to -34°C.

It is important to note that hardiness can vary depending on specific botanical species or horticultural varieties. For example, the Iris Xiphium , native to North Africa, requires special protection in winter.

Several complementary factors influence perceived hardiness:

• Soil drainage : soil that is too wet in winter is detrimental.
• Snow cover : can act as a natural insulator.
• Microclimate : exposure to wind, late frosts, absence of plant cover influence the perceived temperatures.

In technical summary, Iris bulbs/rhizomes are mostly hardy in open ground in France down to around -30°C (USDA zones 4 to 5), with a notable maximum tolerance for Iris germanica and large horticultural irises . It is advisable to indicate the USDA zone on product sheets to guide professionals.

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Life cycle, longevity and cultural maintenance

Iris is a perennial plant , offering remarkable longevity in place. A well-maintained iris plant can live up to 20 years . This characteristic is a major asset for professionals looking for sustainable and inexpensive crops with frequent renewal. Irises are neither annual nor biennial; their life cycle extends over several years.

To maintain vigor and abundant flowering over the long term, dividing rhizomes or bulbs is essential. This operation is generally recommended every 3 to 4 years . Without division, the center of the plant becomes less floriferous as the original rhizome ages and dies.

Propagation can be done by dividing rhizomes or bulbs, ideally in late summer. Sowing seeds is another method, but it takes about 3 years to obtain the first flowering.

Some bearded irises have the particularity of being repeat-flowering , offering a second flowering the same year in summer or autumn. This ability is particularly interesting for producers wishing to spread out their harvest period.

To ensure optimal longevity, applying a specific organic fertilizer for bulb plants is recommended after flowering to help the plant replenish its reserves. It is crucial to avoid poorly decomposed organic matter , which can cause rhizome rot and jeopardize the plant's survival.

In summary, Iris is a perennial plant that can live up to 20 years , requiring division every 3-4 years to maintain high flower productivity. Some varieties offer the potential for double annual flowering .

Propagation methods and vegetative yield

Propagation is a key aspect of professional production. Irises are preferably propagated vegetatively , ensuring varietal fidelity essential for trade.

• Rhizome Division : The most common method for rhizomatous irises such as bearded irises. Division is carried out every 3 to 4 years, ideally in late summer. Each rhizome fragment, with at least one "fan" of leaves, develops quickly. A new plant can reach maturity and flower in 1 to 2 years . A parent rhizome can give rise to 2 to 5 new plants/rhizomes during a division.
• Bulbils : In bulbous irises (such as Iris reticulata or Iris hollandica), propagation occurs by the production of lateral bulbils. 2 to 6 bulbils can be obtained per bulb per year. These bulbils generally require 2 to 3 years to reach flowering size.
• Sowing : Little used in commercial production due to genetic variability. Reserved for selection, varietal creation or multiplication of botanical species. The time before the first flowering by sowing is 3 to 5 years , or even more.

In technical summary, vegetative propagation by rhizome division (1-2 years before flowering, 2-5 new plants/rhizome) or by bulbils (2-3 years before flowering, 2-6 bulbils/bulb/year) is preferred for its speed, reliability and the conservation of varietal characteristics. Sowing is a slower and less faithful method for producing varieties.

Varietal choice and cultivars of horticultural interest

The professional market in France benefits from a rich offering of Iris cultivars , particularly among the bearded irises (mainly derived from Iris germanica ). Renowned French hybridizers have contributed to this diversity. The differences between the cultivars are significant and meet specific needs:

• Colors : Bright shades (magenta, intense blue), pastel or multi-colored. Examples: ' Mamy Framboise ', ' Rive Gauche Paris ', ' Ribbon Bleu '.
• Height : From intermediate irises (40 to 70 cm) to large bearded irises (70 to 100 cm). Examples: ' Champagne Elegance ' (60 to 90 cm).
• Earliness : Intermediate varieties often flower in early May, larger ones in May-June.
• Remontance : Some varieties, such as ' Champagne Elegance ', are remontant (spring and late summer).
• Vigor and floral characteristics : Example: ' Bouschet ' is fast growing. ' Champagne Elegance ' produces 7-10 buds per stem.

France has a wide choice of cultivars adapted to different markets (cut flowers, flower beds, collections) and to the expectations of professional customers.

Toxicity and regulatory status of certain species

It is crucial for professionals to know certain particularities of Irises, particularly regarding their toxicity and their protection status .

Iris is known to be toxic to humans and pets. All parts of the plant, but especially the rhizomes and bulbs , contain irritating or toxic compounds . Ingestion can cause digestive problems such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Skin contact with the sap or underground organs can cause irritation or allergic reactions . It is therefore advisable to use gloves when handling.

Although the literature does not report any fatal cases, the risk exists, especially for young children and sensitive animals . Poison control centers document cases of poisoning, mainly among children attracted by the appearance of the bulbs.

Regarding protected status , the Iris genus is not generally protected by French or European regulations. However, certain wild species present in France, such as Iris spuria or Iris sibirica , may benefit from local or national protection.

For livestock , cases of ingestion are rare because Irises are not very palatable. The risk exists in heavily invaded pastures.

In conclusion, the marketing of Iris bulbs requires clearly informing professionals about toxicity (handling with gloves, precautions with children and animals) and checking the specific status of certain botanical species if they are concerned.

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Use as a cut flower: advantages and constraints

The suitability of Irises for cut flowers depends heavily on the species and cultivar, offering undeniable advantages but also certain technical limitations for professionals in the sector.

• Stem length : Often adapted. Garden irises ( Iris germanica ) have stems between 40 and 90 cm. Iris x hollandica , widely used as a cut flower, reaches 50 to 70 cm, an ideal length for bouquets.
• Stem stiffness : The stems of large garden irises and Iris x hollandica are generally sturdy and stiff, supporting the weight of the flowers well in a vase. This criterion is commercially important.
• Vase life : Iris x hollandica is known for its good vase life (5 to 10 days). Large bearded irises ( Iris germanica ) have a shorter life (3 to 7 days).
• Fragrance : Iris germanica often has a pleasant, sought-after fragrance. Iris x hollandica has little or no fragrance.

Technical limitations :

• Petal fragility : Bearded iris petals are thin and can become wrinkled or dehydrated, making shipping difficult.
• Sensitivity to ethylene : Relatively sensitive to this gas which accelerates senescence.
• Lack of scent : A disadvantage in some markets for unscented species.

In summary, Irises offer good length , a rigid stem and sometimes a sought-after fragrance . Their limitations lie in the variable vase life and the fragility of the flowers . Iris x hollandica is particularly suitable for use as a cut flower.

Landscaping and naturalization

Irises fit well into professional landscaping , from flowerbeds to rockeries , and have a good capacity for naturalization under suitable conditions.

• Beds : Large irises ( Iris germanica ) ideal for mass effect. Planting: 5 to 7 plants/m², spacing 30 to 40 cm.
• Borders : Dwarf or intermediate varieties (20 to 40 cm), compact shape, structuring foliage.
• Rock gardens : Dwarf irises and bulbous species (e.g. Iris reticulata , Iris hollandica ) tolerate drained soils.
• Naturalization : Very good for bulbous and rhizomatous irises if optimal conditions (drained soil, sun). A bulb can double in 4 to 5 years; a rhizome can occupy 40-50 cm in 3 years.

In technical summary, irises adapt to various landscaping uses if drainage and sunlight conditions are respected. Their ability to naturalize ensures a lasting effect.

Interest of Irises in public spaces and communities

Iris are suitable for the development of public spaces , with technical, practical and economic advantages for communities .

• Ease of maintenance : Low requirements, manual weeding, not very susceptible to disease if drainage is ensured.
• Drought resistance : Limited irrigation after planting.
• Long flowering period : Combined varieties allow flowering from February to August.
• Versatility of use : From massif to borders and rockeries .
• Economic interest : Division of rhizomes = increase in stock without high cost.
• Aesthetics : Elegant, very colorful flowers.

For successful planting: light soil , full sun , drainage , planting on a mound if heavy soil. Plant from July to October. Density: 5-6 rhizomes/m² for large plants, 10-12 for dwarf plants.

In conclusion, Irises are a sustainable, economical and decorative landscaping solution for communities in France.

Pollination: entomophilous species and periods of attractiveness

Irises play an ecological role by attracting various pollinators , an asset for floriculturists practicing biodiversity or hybridization .

The floral structure (3 sepals, 3 petals, 3 styles) is adapted for interaction with insects . Irises are generally not self-fertile , requiring cross-pollination to produce viable seeds.

Pollinators attracted: bees ( Apis mellifera ), bumblebees ( Bombus spp.), butterflies and flies .

Attraction period: corresponds to flowering . In France, the peak of activity is between April and June.

Some cultivars have fertility characteristics . Hand pollination can supplement natural pollination. Climatic conditions (drought) can influence flowering cycles and insect activity.

The French horticultural tradition provides useful expertise to optimize these interactions.

Compatible plant associations in landscaping

Combining irises with plants with similar needs (full sun, well-drained soil) maximizes the aesthetics and health of the beds.

Ideal companion plants :

• Perennials for well-drained soils : Nepetas , Carnations , Lavenders .
• Complementary perennials : Peonies , roses , daylilies , lupins , delphiniums .
• Structuring : Spireas , dwarf conifers .

Plants to avoid :

• Competitive ground covers (perennial geraniums).
• Plants requiring frequent watering or thick mulching.

Planting distance: 30 to 40 cm between clumps of irises, 1 meter with roses. Plant flush or at a maximum of 2.5 cm for rhizomes.

Post-flowering decorative role and foliage management

After flowering, Irises retain an ornamental interest thanks to their persistent foliage , particularly the rhizomatous ones ( Iris germanica ).

The leaves, long and upright, provide a graphic structure until autumn. In mild climates, they can remain green all year round .

It is recommended to cut damaged leaves in a " V " shape without completely removing the foliage, which allows the reserves to be replenished via photosynthesis.

The fruiting bodies (seed capsules) are of little decorative interest and exhaust the rhizome. It is recommended to cut off faded stems at the base.

Clumps of foliage can reach 40 to 70 cm in height and 20 to 50 cm in width. A well-maintained clump can remain decorative and productive for 15 to 20 years.

In summary, Irises maintain a significant aesthetic value after flowering thanks to their structuring and persistent foliage.

Performance in professional culture: key data

The expected yield of Iris in professional cultivation is a key economic factor. It is influenced by the species , the method of propagation , the size of the underground organs, the planting density and the cultural conditions .

• Yield per m² : In dense cultivation (cut flowers or industrial rhizomes), approximately 6 to 8 plants/m² are planted. Each adult plant produces 1 to 2 flower stems , or 6 to 16 stems/m²/year .
• Yield per rhizome : On average, 1 flower stem/year , sometimes 2 depending on vigor.
• Yield per flower : Bearded irises usually produce 1 flower/stem . Regelia irises can produce 2.
• Production of iris butter : 500 kg of fresh rhizomes gives 1 kg of iris butter .

In summary, floral yields in dense cultivation vary from 6 to 16 stems/m²/year . For the perfume industry, the yield is measured in dry weight for extraction.

Forcing potential for early flowering

Forcing allows for off-season flowering of Iris, particularly Iris hollandica . It can be carried out in a greenhouse or indoors under controlled conditions .

• Bulb storage : 4 weeks at 32°C, then 20°C for flower induction .
• Greenhouse cultivation : Draining substrate, temperature of 10 to 16°C , full filtered light.
• Cycle duration : Flowering in 10 to 12 weeks depending on size and temperature.
• Suitable equipment : Large bulbs (>10 cm) offer better performance.
• Limitations : Bearded irises ( Iris germanica ) are not suitable for conventional forcing.

In summary, forcing Iris hollandica is viable with warm storage followed by cold , then cultivation at moderate temperature and full light .

Soil conditions: texture, pH and drainage

Soil type and adequate drainage are essential for successful iris cultivation, especially for bulbous plants .

• Soil texture : Preference for light sandy loam . Heavy soil = amendments with sand and mature organic matter .
• pH : Optimal between 6.5 and 7.5 . Avoid overly acidic soils.
• Drainage : Essential condition. Planting on a mound is recommended if the soil is clayey. A gravel bed is possible.
• Base fertilization : Well-ripened compost incorporated 3 months before planting.

In technical summary: light soil, neutral to basic pH , exceptional drainage . Well-composted organic inputs only.

Light requirements for optimal flowering

Sunshine is a determining factor for the flowering of Irises.

Irises require at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day for optimal growth. Irises tolerate partial shade but with a significant reduction in flowering .

A lack of light causes:

• Reduced flowering
• Stretched foliage
• Weakened plants

For professional cultivation in France, favor south-facing or very exposed locations , without competition from hedges or trees.

Planting window according to the type of Iris

The planting calendar is crucial to ensure good recovery and quality flowering .

• Rhizomatous : Ideal planting from June to October , optimum in July-August .
• Bulbous : Plant in autumn (September-November).
• Soil temperature : >10°C for rooting. Avoid planting in cold or frozen soil.
• Preparation : Loosen to a depth of 20 cm. Plant flush with the rhizomes.

In summary, for a good recovery: June to October for rhizomes, autumn for bulbs, with a minimum soil temperature of 10°C .

Planting depth and spacing

Depth and spacing directly influence crop health and yield .

• Bulbous irises : Plant 5–8 cm deep. For Iris reticulata , up to 10–12 cm. Spacing of 10 to 20 cm depending on size.
• Rhizomatous iris : Rhizomes flush or buried 0.5–2.5 cm. Spacing 25–40 cm.

Proper spacing promotes air circulation and limits disease .

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Irrigation and fertilization: rational management

Irises have moderate water needs and require balanced fertilization for optimal production.

• At planting : A generous initial watering encourages rooting. Then, 2 to 3 spaced waterings are sufficient until recovery.
• In production : Watering is only necessary in case of prolonged drought . The soil should remain slightly moist but never soggy.

Irises tolerate drought better than excess moisture, which promotes root diseases .

Fertilization :

• Recommended NPK formulas: 6-8-12 , 7-5-12 or 4-6-10 .
• Planting input : 100 g/m² of organo-mineral fertilizer.
• Annual maintenance : 75 g/m² in spring (March), split into two applications if necessary.
• Organic input : 2 to 3 kg/m² of well-matured compost, 3 months before planting.

Avoid excess nitrogen , which stimulates foliage at the expense of flowers and increases susceptibility to disease.

Mulching and seasonal crop protection

Mulching and seasonal protection improve moisture management and cold tolerance.

Winter protection :

• Apply 5 to 7 cm of well-rotted compost in November.
• In very cold areas: add winter fleece or thicker mulch (8 to 10 cm).

Types of mulch :

• Compost , pine bark , straw for rhizomatous plants.
• Mineral mulch (gravel) for bulbs sensitive to humidity.

Rot Prevention :

• Plant on a mound (10-15 cm) in heavy soil.
• Space the plants sufficiently.
• Recommended lime amendment (pH 6.5–7.5).

Proper mulching helps limit evaporation , reduce weeds and protect bulbs from frost .

Routine cultural work and frequency of intervention

Cultural interventions on Irises are few but essential for sustainability and yield.

Weeding :

• Recommended manual feeding (every 2-3 weeks), especially during the active growth phase.
• Avoid chemical weedkillers: Irises are sensitive to treatments.

Removing faded flowers :

• Cut off faded flower stems after flowering (May-June) to prevent exhaustion by bolting.

Division / Lifting :

• To be done every 3 to 4 years , at the end of summer (September-October).
• Replant vigorous fragments with adequate spacing.

Spring fertilization :

• 40 to 60 g/m² of balanced NPK fertilizer (5-5-5 or 7-7-7).

Supplemental watering in case of drought, with soil always well drained .

Health monitoring : particularly against aphids .

Main diseases and pests to watch out for

Growing irises requires regular health monitoring .

Major fungal diseases :

• Sclerotinia (Sclerotium, Sclerotinia): causes rotting of rhizomes , losses up to 80% . Prevention: crop rotation , drainage , disinfection , approved fungicides.
• Leaf spot (Didymellina): red-brown spots, drying out.
• Rust (Puccinia iridis): orange-brown pustules, yellowing of leaves.

Common pests :

• Rhizome borer (Macronoctua): galleries in rhizomes.
• Aphids : deformations, virus vectors.
• Slugs and snails : damage to young leaves and flower stems.

Other problems :

• Bacterial rot (Erwinia): soft tissue, strong odor.
• Virus : mosaics, dwarfism, deformity. No curative treatment.

Integrated prevention :

• Spacing of 30 to 40 cm .
• Crop rotation every 3–4 years .
• Hygiene: waste disposal, disinfection of tools .

Harvesting and storage of propagation organs

Harvesting bulbs or rhizomes :

• Bulbous : harvest in June-July after the foliage has completely yellowed .
• Rhizomatous : late summer – early autumn.
• Use a digging fork , dry for 1 to 2 weeks in the shade.

Remove injured or rotten organs. Apply powdered sulfur if the injury is minor.

Harvesting seeds :

• Harvest the capsules when they turn brown and begin to open (July-August).

Storage :

• Temperature: 18 to 22°C , dry and ventilated place .
• Arrangement: single layer, on a bed of dry sand or sawdust .
• Duration : until autumn (September-October).

Crop rotation: health prevention and effectiveness

Crop rotation limits the accumulation of soil pathogens and nutrient depletion .

• Recommended cycle : 3 to 4 years without Iris on the same plot.
• Avoid crops susceptible to the same diseases or that maintain excessive humidity .
• Incorporate division into the rotation to replant on healthy ground.

In summary, rotation is essential to secure the crop in the long term.

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Adaptation to extreme climatic conditions

Irises can be grown in difficult climatic conditions, subject to specific technical adaptations.

Facing drought :

• Occasional watering during critical periods: favor deep and spaced watering (15-20 cm).
• Drip system recommended for fine management.
• Organic or mineral mulch to retain moisture.
• Amendment with compost (2–3 kg/m²) and retaining polymers (20–30 g/m²) possible.

Facing frost :

• Protection by mulching (8–10 cm of compost or straw).
• Wintering veil for sensitive varieties.
• Plant slightly deeper (6–7 cm for bulbs).
• Planting on a draining mound is essential in heavy soil.
• Potassium fertilization at the end of summer to strengthen resistance (-30 to -34°C for Iris germanica).

Vernalization requirements for floral induction

Most irises require a period of cold to induce flowering ( vernalization ).

• Bulbous iris : 10 to 14 weeks at 1–5°C.
• Rhizomatous iris : 6 to 8 weeks at <7°C.
• Perennial irises : 8 to 10 weeks at 0–5°C.

Insufficient vernalization causes delayed flowering or a lack of flower stems . Autumn planting allows for natural vernalization. Cold storage is useful in controlled cultivation.

Growing in pots or under cover for controlled production

Container or cold greenhouse cultivation is suitable for bulbous dwarf irises and some rhizomatous species.

• Container : 2 to 3 L for one plant; 7 to 15 L for prolonged cultivation.
• Substrate : Very draining: 70% potting soil, 30% sand/gravel. Add a drainage layer .
• Exposure : Full sun (≥6h/day). In shelter: ventilation required.
• Temperature : frost tolerance (-10 to -15°C) in a cold greenhouse.
• Watering : Dry surface before watering. Do not overwater. Significant reduction after flowering for bulbs.
• Repotting : Every 1–2 years. Gravel mulch recommended.

This method of cultivation improves health control and the regularity of flowering.

Physiological indicators of health and deficiencies

Iris health monitoring is based on observation of underground organs , foliage and growth .

• Healthy rhizomes/bulbs : firm, unblemished, with no soft spots. White, firm roots. Watch for mottling and necrosis.
• Foliage : Yellowing = water deficiency or stress. Colored spots = fungal diseases. Deformations = aphids or viruses.
• Growth : Dense clumps = good condition. Low vigor = division needed or unsuitable substrate.

Water stress : soggy soil = risk of rot. Drought = wilting despite soil moisture.

Light stress : pale foliage, stretched growth, reduced flowering.

Deficiencies : Corrected by balanced fertilization, optimal pH (6.5–7.5).

Division frequency and influence of size on productivity

Division is essential to maintain floral productivity .

• Frequency : every 3 to 4 years .
• Period : July to August, during dormant period.
• Procedure : Separate the rhizomes with 1 "fan" of leaves. Keep the fleshiest ones. Replant with spacing of 10 to 40 cm depending on the variety.

Influence of caliber :

• Large rhizomes : rapid flowering, increased vigor.
• Small sizes : slower development, delayed flowering, less resistance to stress.

In summary, regular division and the choice of high-calibre material guarantee the sustainability and quality of flowering in professional cultivation.

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To summarize: Our Iris Bulbs

Growing Iris, whether bearded, bulbous or Siberian, represents a technical and economic opportunity for floriculturists wishing to diversify their range with a species with high ornamental value. Floriverse, your specialist wholesale supplier of flower plants , offers you a selection of Irises suitable for open-field production, cut flowers or naturalization. Each batch comes from specialized nurseries and meets the requirements of professional circuits, in terms of size, vigor and vegetative performance.

We assist you in purchasing iris bulbs wholesale or online, with complete transparency regarding origins, availability, and growing advice. Our bulbs, delivered within 15 days during the season, are available conventionally, untreated, or organically. By choosing Floriverse, you are guaranteed to purchase iris bulbs that fit perfectly into demanding technical processes, with post-order monitoring and ongoing agronomic support.

Trusting Floriverse means choosing a wholesale supplier specializing in flower plants that is committed, structured, and attentive to your production challenges. Whether your goal is to maximize yield per square meter, ensure staggered flowering, or integrate irises into a landscape enhancement strategy, buying iris bulbs from us means investing in sustainable, resilient, and profitable plant material.