Quick read / the essentials on our Colchicum bulbs
Floriverse, a specialist wholesale supplier of flower bulbs , offers a complete range of Colchicum bulbs dedicated to plant professionals. Belonging to the Colchicaceae family, this perennial species is renowned for its spectacular autumn flowering, its hardiness down to -24°C and its adaptation to naturalization in flowerbeds, meadows and path edges. Its foliage-free flowering makes it a unique plant, ideal for standing out in cut flower markets or in differentiated landscaping.
Buying Colchicum bulbs from Floriverse gives you access to a selection of professional-quality corms: superior sizes, efficient vegetative propagation, and excellent flowering potential from the first year. Our bulbs come from specialized nurseries, meeting strict traceability and hardiness criteria. Growers have three options: certified organic Colchicum, bulbs untreated after harvest, or conventional—depending on your growing preferences.
Floriverse, a specialist wholesale supplier of flower bulbs , supports floriculturists with personalized agronomic advice, efficient logistics, and a pricing policy adapted to volume purchases. Buying Colchicum bulbs from us means choosing a comprehensive offer, designed for worry-free cultivation and reliable results. Our range meets the needs of both traditional farms and those of short-circuit flower farms.
With Floriverse, a specialist wholesale supplier of flower bulbs , benefit from a reliable and lasting partnership to enrich your plant range. Buying Colchicum bulbs from us means integrating a decorative, technical and ecological species with strong commercial potential, at the heart of your diversification strategies.
Introducing our Colchicum range
At Floriverse, specialists in flower bulbs for professionals , we offer a wide range of Colchicum flower bulbs rigorously selected to meet the expectations of demanding floriculturists. Our offer includes three distinct segments to adapt to all technical itineraries:
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Colchicum bulbs certified Organic Agriculture : for producers engaged in eco-responsible distribution channels.
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Untreated bulbs after harvest : an intermediate solution, without chemical residue.
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Conventional bulbs : for intensive production with excellent value for money.
Our wide range of organic Colchicum flower bulbs comes from specialist nurseries, guaranteeing professional sizes, high hardiness, and reliable and spectacular flowering at the end of the season.
Market approach: Colchicum cultivation in France
The Colchicum Cut Flower Market in France: Analysis for Market Gardening Professionals
The French cut flower market is heavily dependent on imports (80% of volumes), offering an interesting niche for local producers. Colchicum stands out as a local alternative with its rare autumn blooms.
Key figures and sector dynamics
- 6.2% of horticultural turnover comes from cut flowers
- +17.9% growth in value between 2019 and 2021
- €93 million in turnover in 2021 for specialist producers
- Production concentrated in PACA and Pays de la Loire
The specific market for Colchicum
Colchicum autumnale offers remarkable autumn flowering, a wide range of colors (white, lilac, pink, purple) and high hardiness down to -24°C. Its elegant cup-shaped flowers are highly sought after for floral arrangements.
Strategic regions
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PACA : 50% of the surface area, 70% of the farms, €38 million in turnover
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Pays de la Loire : 18% of the surface area, 5% of the farms, €37 million in turnover
Distinction between organic and conventional
The conventional market remains dominant, with a structured offering and established sales channels. Untreated bulbs respond to the search for healthier alternatives. The organic market , meanwhile, is growing rapidly, driven by the rise of short supply chains, post-COVID demand, and the emergence of diversified flower farms.
Trends and Outlook for Colchicum Bulb Suppliers
Evolution of demand
Colchicum is enjoying growing appeal due to its autumnal specificity. It allows flower growers to stand out with an original production, adapted to seasonal markets.
Business opportunities
- Quality positioning with professional calibers and rigorous traceability
- Development of a high added value organic range
- Advance booking and rapid logistics to guarantee supplies
Our sales arguments
As a floriculture specialist , we do everything we can to offer professionals a simple and seamless agricultural supply , without complications, with personalized technical advice and dedicated technical support .
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Personalized quotes and free advice in less than 48 hours
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Delivery throughout France possible within 15 days in season, with advance reservation
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Colchicum flower bulbs at producer prices , with decreasing prices according to volume
- Professional quality plant material, from specialist nurseries
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Careful delivery directly to your home
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Unbeatable value for money when selling bulbs wholesale or online
Horticultural potential of the genus Colchicum: a crop of interest for professional floriculturists
Botanical identification criteria and morphological specificities
Taxonomic differentiation and diagnostic elements
The full scientific name depends on the specific species, but the most commonly traded are often related to Colchicum autumnale , the autumn crocus. These plants are classified in the order Liliales and have distinctive features essential for professionals: they have 3 styles and 6 stamens, unlike Crocus , for example. A notable peculiarity is the underground position of the flower's ovary , which explains the remarkable length of its styles, often exceeding 10 cm. The corms , which are swollen stems covered with scales, have an irregular shape, different from that of Crocus corms. It is crucial to emphasize that all species of the genus Colchicum are toxic , characterized by the presence of colchicine .
Corm structure and floral characteristics
The "bulb" of Colchicum is actually a corm . It is a swollen stem surrounded by blackish tunics. Its dimensions are comparable to those of a walnut. Physiologically, the corm flowers after its dormant period, before the leaves appear. The floral tube , 15 to 20 cm high, emerges directly from the ground, the ovary remaining underground. The foliage only appears in the spring following the autumn flowering. The leaves , generally 3 to 5 per individual, are lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, fleshy, smooth, glabrous, and shiny. Their color is light to medium green. They measure 25 to 40 cm long and 5 to 6 cm wide. The foliage is present for about 2 to 3 months (from March to June depending on the climate), turning yellow and disappearing completely before summer. The flowers of Colchicum autumnale are star-shaped or goblet-shaped, predominantly lavender-pink in color, although white varieties exist. They have no visible stem in the conventional sense, rising on bare flower tubes 15–25 cm above the ground. Each sheath can produce 1–6 flower stalks, produced in succession over several weeks.
Biogeographic origin and ecological requirements
Natural geographical distribution of species
The genus Colchicum is native to a wide geographical area including western Asia , Europe , parts of the Mediterranean coast, and extending along the east African coast to South Africa and the Western Cape. The origin covers mainly central and southern Europe, the Mediterranean rim and western Asia, as well as some parts of North Africa.
Favorable soil, climate and altitude conditions
As for their natural habitat , Colchicum thrive in a temperate to mountain climate, requiring good tolerance to spring and summer humidity. Flowering generally occurs in late summer and autumn, periods when rains are more frequent in these regions of origin. Regarding altitude , Colchicum autumnale is found from the plains to the mid-mountains, between 0 and 2,000 m, with frequent populations between 1,400 and 2,000 m. Conversely, some Mediterranean species such as Colchicum filifolium prefer lower altitudes, between 10 and 200 m, in humid valleys. The diversity of their biotope includes wet meadows rich in grasses (often floodable or fresh), riparian undergrowth (notably under poplars and oaks), calcareous or siliceous meadows, and sometimes Mediterranean scrub for certain southern species. This ecological adaptability , always dependent on cool or humid environments, is a key factor in their cultivation.
Biological cycle, hardiness and longevity in cultivation
Annual course of the growing cycle
Colchicum is a perennial plant, or more precisely pseudo-annual , because the corm renews itself each year. Its cycle is singular: autumn flowering without leaves , winter dormancy of the corm, spring foliage and fruiting (allowing photosynthesis and the formation of a daughter corm ), then production of seeds. The daughter corm completely replaces the mother corm after using the reserves for flowering. Longevity in the natural environment is at least 15 to 20 years, and can exceed 50 years in optimal cultivation. The plant generally takes a minimum of 4 to 6 years to reach reproductive maturity (3-leaf stage).
Winter behavior and observed longevity
Regarding hardiness , Colchicum autumnale is very hardy, suitable for temperate climates. It is hardy to about -20°C (USDA zones 3 to 4). Dormant corms tolerate soil temperatures down to at least -5°C. Most species tolerate European winters well (USDA zones 4 to 8). Colchicum x byzantinum is a little less hardy, around -15°C (USDA zone 4). Good drainage is essential, especially in mountainous areas, to prevent bulb rot.
Multiplication strategies and expected productivity
Vegetative division and flowering potential
Propagation is primarily by bulb division (separation of daughter corms). Sowing is possible but slower, with flowering occurring only 3 to 5 years after germination. Advanced colchicine polyploidization techniques exist to accelerate propagation and create new varieties. Division typically produces 2 to 3 bulblets per mother bulb per year. In professional cultivation, a large corm generally produces 1 to 3 flowers in the first year. With a recommended planting density of 10 bulbs per m², 10 to 30 flower stems per m² can be expected in the first year. Vegetative propagation (up to 47% annual doubling of fruiting plants) can increase density, but competition reduces yield per bulb in the long term.
Sowing techniques and varietal selection
The majority of varieties cultivated in France are derived from C. autumnale . Among the important selections for professionals:
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Colchicum autumnale 'Album' : pure white flowers, 10–12 cm flower height.
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Colchicum autumnale 'Alboplenum' : double, white flowers, 10–12 cm.
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Colchicum autumnale 'The Giant' : very large purple flowers, white throat, 25–30 cm.
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Colchicum autumnale 'Lilac Wonder' : large, pinkish-purple flowers, 12–15 cm.
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Colchicum autumnale 'Waterlily' : double flowers, lilac-pink, 12–15 cm.
Hybrids such as 'Disraeli', 'Princess Astrid', 'Glory of Heemstede', 'Apollo', 'Beaconsfield' have marbled raspberry colorations and white throats, varying in early flowering and height from 8–15 cm. Colchicum macrophyllum has smaller flowers (8–10 cm) and very large leaves, flowering late.
Recommended growing conditions for optimal production
Soil preparation and physicochemical requirements
A fertile , well-drained soil with a loamy or slightly clayey but loose texture is ideal. Drainage is crucial to prevent corm rot. Colchicum prefers a neutral to slightly acidic pH (6.0–7.0) and does not tolerate excess lime. Adding compost is beneficial.
Technical planting itinerary and intervention schedule
The ideal period is from July to the end of October . For maximum recovery, plant in August or early September. Plant the corms 10–15 cm deep and space them 10–15 cm apart. Plant when the soil temperature is above 10°C.
Fertilization and water management in the vegetative phase
Water requirements are moderate, often covered by rainfall in temperate climates. An application of 20–30 mm/week may be necessary during the active phase if rainfall is insufficient. Reduce watering in summer during dormancy. Fertilization is not essential, but an organic application before planting and a split application of nitrogen (40–60 kg/ha) during vegetation promote vigor.
Maintenance monitoring, division and mulching
Colchicums are undemanding once established. Regular hoeing improves flowering. The foliage should only be removed after it has completely yellowed in spring. Corm division is recommended every 4 to 5 years in spring. Mulching (organic, 5–10 cm) is not always necessary but is useful in heavy soils, harsh winters (frost < -10°C) or to limit weeds and stagnant moisture. No specific protection is required against summer drought.
Health: phytosanitary monitoring and preventive measures
Fungal risks, pests and prophylaxis
Colchicum are generally resistant to diseases and pests. The main risks are fungal diseases such as Fusarium and Botrytis , which are encouraged by excess moisture and can cause bulb rot. Spots or pustules on the leaves can signal infections. Animal parasites to watch out for are mainly gastropods (slugs, snails), although damage is limited. Ticks may be present in their natural environment. C. autumnale extract also has acaricidal activity. Prevention is based on good drainage, crop rotation , and bulb inspection .
Harvesting techniques and methods of preserving corms
Harvest window and sorting methods
Bulb harvesting takes place in July , once the growing cycle is complete and the foliage has turned yellow . Using a potato harvester can facilitate professional harvesting. After harvesting, the new bulbs are separated from the old ones, sorted, and the largest ones are selected. The bulblets can be divided at this time.
Optimal storage conditions
Storage should be minimized. If necessary, store in a dry, cool, and well-ventilated place. Ideal replanting is in August, or shortly after the leaves turn yellow.
Crop rotation and compatibility with other species
Integration into diversified cropping systems
Colchicum is classified in the "Miscellaneous" rotation group. It requires excellent drainage and a full sun cycle in spring and partial sun in summer. A spacing of at least 15 cm is recommended. Association with spring bulbs such as daffodils is favorable. Due to their toxicity (colchicine), it is prudent to avoid planting edible crops immediately afterward on the same plot without cleaning.
Responses to abiotic stresses: drought and extreme cold
Adaptive cultural practices
In case of prolonged drought , targeted watering (drip irrigation, 15–20 mm/week in critical periods) and organic mulching (5–7 cm) are recommended. Temporary shading may be useful. Planting deeper (15–18 cm) and enriching the soil with organic matter (20–30%) improves water retention . In very harsh winters (below the hardiness of -15/-20 °C), winter mulching (8–10 cm) or growing under cover (frame, tunnel, P30 fleece) may be necessary.
Growing in containers and under cover: specific methods
Pot culture and maintenance in a controlled environment
Colchicum lends itself well to growing in pots . Use a container at least 15 cm deep with a drainage layer (pozzolana, clay balls) and quality potting soil . Watering in pots is more frequent than in open ground (lightly every 15 days from spring to flowering, to be adapted in case of drought). Liquid fertilization can stimulate flowering. Drainage remains essential.
Vigor indicators and health assessment criteria
Foliar observation and diagnosis of deficiencies
Health assessment is based on foliage observation ( absence/delayed emergence , early yellowing - N, Fe, Mg deficiency; spots/pustules - fungal infections). A non-erect habit or low height (less than 15–20 cm for leaves) may indicate water stress or deficiencies (N, K). Healthy bulbs are firm. Soft bulbs or blackened roots indicate excess moisture or infection . A low emergence rate (< 80%) may indicate a problem. Nitrogen deficiency thresholds are < 2–2.5% DM, and potassium < 1.5% DM.
Selection criteria and impact of size on flowering
Strain renewal and productivity linked to size
Corm division is recommended every 3 to 5 years to maintain vigor. This is done after summer dormancy . Bulb size has a strong influence on flowering : larger bulbs (> 18 cm in circumference) produce more abundant blooms and more robust stems . They contain more nutrient reserves .
Ornamental interest for communities and public spaces
Advantages in differentiated management and naturalization
Colchicums fit perfectly into deciduous shrub beds , borders , rockeries or pots. Their autumn flowering is a major asset. They have an excellent capacity for naturalization in lawns, forming dense and perennial colonies . Planting is done in groups of 5 to 10 bulbs for a strong visual effect.
For communities and large spaces , their relevance is high. They are perennials that come back on their own, reducing annual maintenance . Their watering needs are limited. Maintenance is limited to foliage management and basic weeding . They fit into differentiated and ecological management , not requiring phytosanitary products. The lifespan of a planted bulb is 5 to 10 years. A density of 20 to 25 bulbs/m² creates a dense cover. It is estimated that there is a 30 to 50% reduction in labor time compared to annuals.
Limited use for cut flowers
Morphological constraints and vase life
Colchicum has limitations for cut flowers. The flower stems are modest in length (8–25 cm). They are moderately stiff , with a risk of bending. Vase life is short, usually 3–7 days maximum. The fragrance is often considered unpleasant or pungent. It is therefore suitable for specific ephemeral arrangements .
Role in end-of-season floral biodiversity
Autumn attractiveness for pollinators
Colchicum flowers mainly in autumn (August to October, some varieties until November). This late flowering makes them a source of nectar and pollen at a time when resources are scarce. They can attract Hymenoptera (bees, bumblebees), Lepidoptera (butterflies), and Diptera (flies). Pollen germination is approximately 27.1%. They are a valuable element for autumn biodiversity despite their toxicity .
Toxicity: human and animal risks, information obligations
Toxic nature of colchicine and precautions to take
It is imperative to remember that Colchicum is highly toxic due to colchicine . For humans, the toxic dose is ~0.5 mg/kg, with a life-threatening prognosis beyond 10 mg in adults. Ingestion of 5 g of seeds or 50–60 g of leaves can be fatal. Symptoms are severe. For livestock, the risk is in the hay (toxicity persists). The bovine toxic dose is ~8–10 g/kg of fresh leaves. There is no overall protected status in France. It is crucial to inform professional clients of this toxicity and the precautions .
Forcing under controlled conditions: an opportunity for diversification
Above-ground implementation and development
Colchicum can be forced in a greenhouse or indoors. Its ability to flower without substrate , simply in the open air, makes this practice easier. After a summer dormancy (2–3 dry months at 20–25 °C), flowering can be induced in 3 to 5 weeks at 15–20 °C in a bright environment. The bulb can be placed on gravel or damp sand . After forcing, replanting in the ground to replenish reserves is recommended.
To summarize: Our Colchicum Bulbs
In summary, Colchicum is a major horticultural asset for professionals looking for an original flowering and a differentiating yield. Thanks to its leafless autumn flowering, its corms allow for staggered crop management, thus optimizing rotation and space utilization. Its ability to naturalize in meadows or under tree cover also makes it an excellent choice for communities and landscapers.
At Floriverse, a specialist wholesale supplier of flower bulbs , we select our Colchicum bulbs for their size, vigor, and reproductive potential. Our batches guarantee an excellent recovery rate and generous blooms, even in demanding climatic conditions. We favor short distribution channels and offer responsive logistics: delivery within 15 days in season, optimized packaging, and advice tailored to each growing profile.
Buying Colchicum bulbs from Floriverse means securing a high-value, sustainable crop. Our offerings cover the needs of organic, untreated, and conventional bulbs, allowing each florist to create their own customized technical itinerary. The Floriverse team provides comprehensive support, from ordering to flowering, including choosing sizes, planting densities, and propagation practices.
As a specialist wholesale supplier of flower bulbs , Floriverse puts its expertise at the service of professionals committed to responsible, technical and profitable production. Buying Colchicum bulbs from Floriverse means choosing quality, consistency and trust, season after season.
